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To determine the resistance of the given wire using a metre bridge and hence to find the resistivity of the material
RESISTIVITY OF THE MATERIAL OF A WIRE
This experiment will determine the unknown resistance of a conductor (wire) by using an instrument known as a meter bridge & to find the resistivity of its material. The meter bridge works on the principle of the Wheatstone bridge.
Aim of the experiment :
To determine the resistance of the given wire using a meter bridge and hence to find the resistivity of the material.
Apparatus required :
- Meter bridge
- Plug Key
- Resistance box
- Jockey
- Galvanometer
- Connecting wires
- Battery
Principle of the experiment :
01. Wheatstone's bridge is balanced when the current through the galvanometer is zero.
02. If P, Q, R & represents the resistances of four arms of Wheatstone's bridge. Then , P/Q = R/SFormula :
Circuit Diagram :
Procedure :
- The connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram using connecting wires and the given apparatus.
- Suitable standard resistance S is unplugged into the resistance box.
- Circuit connections are checked for opposite deflections by placing the Jockey at the two ends of the wire from point A to C.
- The Jockey is moved on the wire from end A towards C till the galvanometer shows zero deflection. The balancing length AC = L is measured.
- The resistance of the wire is calculated by using the formula R = Sl/(100-l)
- The experiment is repeated for different values of S and the average value of R is calculated.
- The length " l " and radius " r " of the wire is measured & the values are noted down.
- The resistivity of the material of the wire is calculated by using the formula ρ = πr2R/L
Observation :
Tabular Column :
Trial No | Resistance, S in (Ω Ohm) | Balencing length, l in (cm) | (100 - l) in (cm) | Resistance, R = Sl/(100 - l) in (Ω Ohm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
01. | ||||
02. | ||||
03. | ||||
04. | ||||
05. | ||||
Mean R = ...........Ω |
Calculations :
01. Resistance of the wire (in ohm Ω), R =
Sl/(100-l) = ..................................Ω
(Show substitution and calculations for each trial)
02. Resistivity of the material of the wire, ρ = πr2R/L = ..................................Ωm.
Result :
Note :
01. The value of the balancing length should be between 30cm and 70 cm
for accuracy in all Wheatstone's bridge-related experiments.
02. Jockey has to be moved gently over the meter bridge wire.
BITS ARROW
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